Inter vlan routing on gns3 | Router on stick configuration

Network devices in different VLANs cannot communicate with one another without a router to route traffic between the VLANs. In most network environments, VLANs are associated with individual networks or subnetworks. There are two ways to communicate different VLANs with each other.

1. Inter vlan 
2. Switch virtual interface SVI 

Related Topic: what are VXLANs?

How inter VLAN works: 

Inter VLAN communicate different VLANs via sub interfaces that we have create on router for each VLANs. When Host A in VLAN 10 needs to communicate with Host B in VLAN 10, it sends a packet addressed to that host. Switch A forwards the packet directly to Host B, without sending it to the router.

When Host A in VLAN 10 sends a packet to Host B in VLAN 20, Switch forwards the packet to the router, which receives the traffic on the VLAN 10 interface sub interface and forwards this to sub interface for VLAN 20.

To implement interVLAN on gns3 I use the follow simple topology. In which R1 have two sub interfaces int f0/0.10 and int f0/0.20 for VLANs 10 and 20 respectively. And we use only two PC, one belong to VLAN 10 and other to 20.   

 

Configuration for Router R1:

R2(config)#interface f0/0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-subif)#interface f0/0.20

R2(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20

R2(config-subif)#ip address 20.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

R2(config-subif)#interface f0/0.10

R2(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10

R2(config-subif)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

Configuration for Switch:

SW#vlan database

SW(vlan)#vlan 10 name office1

SW(vlan)#vlan 20 name office2

SW(vlan)#exit

SW(config)#interface f1/0

SW(config-if)#no shutdown

SW(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

SW(config-if)#interface f0/0

SW(config-if)#no shutdown

SW(config-if)# switchport mode access

SW(config-if)# switchport access vlan 10

SW(config-if)#interface f0/1

SW(config-if)#no shutdown

SW(config-if)#switchport mode access

SW(config-if)# switchport access vlan 20

Configuration for Qemu1

tc@box:$ sudo su 
root@box:$ Ifconfig eth0 10.1.1.2 netmask 255.255.255.0

root@box:$ Route add default gw 10.1.1.1 eth0

Configuration for Qemu2

tc@box:$ sudo su 
root@box:$ Ifconfig eth0 20.1.1.2 netmask 255.255.255.0

root@box:$ Route add default gw 20.1.1.1 eth0

Results:

Ping from qemu1 to qemu2 is successful and voice versa



Router on stick in Packet Tracer

To learn How Switch virtual interface SVI  works: Visit next Post.

Thanks.